❤❤❤ What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory
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Florence Nightingale - Famous Nurse - Mini Bio - BIO
When Nightingale approached her parents and told them about her ambitions to become a nurse, they were not pleased. In fact, her parents forbade her to pursue nursing. In the early s, Nightingale returned to London, where she took a nursing job in a Middlesex hospital for ailing governesses. Her performance there so impressed her employer that Nightingale was promoted to superintendent within just a year of being hired. The position proved challenging as Nightingale grappled with a cholera outbreak and unsanitary conditions conducive to the rapid spread of the disease.
Nightingale made it her mission to improve hygiene practices, significantly lowering the death rate at the hospital in the process. The hard work took a toll on her health. She had just barely recovered when the biggest challenge of her nursing career presented itself. In October of , the Crimean War broke out. Thousands of British soldiers were sent to the Black Sea, where supplies quickly dwindled. By , no fewer than 18, soldiers had been admitted into military hospitals. At the time, there were no female nurses stationed at hospitals in the Crimea. The poor reputation of past female nurses had led the war office to avoid hiring more. But, after the Battle of Alma, England was in an uproar about the neglect of their ill and injured soldiers, who not only lacked sufficient medical attention due to hospitals being horribly understaffed, but also languished in appallingly unsanitary and inhumane conditions.
In late , Nightingale received a letter from Secretary of War Sidney Herbert, asking her to organize a corps of nurses to tend to the sick and fallen soldiers in the Crimea. Nightingale rose to her calling. She quickly assembled a team of 34 nurses from a variety of religious orders and sailed with them to the Crimea just a few days later. Although they had been warned of the horrid conditions there, nothing could have prepared Nightingale and her nurses for what they saw when they arrived at Scutari, the British base hospital in Constantinople.
The hospital sat on top of a large cesspool, which contaminated the water and the hospital building itself. Patients lay on in their own excrement on stretchers strewn throughout the hallways. Rodents and bugs scurried past them. The most basic supplies, such as bandages and soap, grew increasingly scarce as the number of ill and wounded steadily increased. Even water needed to be rationed.
More soldiers were dying from infectious diseases like typhoid and cholera than from injuries incurred in battle. The no-nonsense Nightingale quickly set to work. She procured hundreds of scrub brushes and asked the least infirm patients to scrub the inside of the hospital from floor to ceiling. Nightingale herself spent every waking minute caring for the soldiers. In the evenings she moved through the dark hallways carrying a lamp while making her rounds, ministering to patient after patient. In additional to vastly improving the sanitary conditions of the hospital , Nightingale created a number of patient services that contributed to improving the quality of their hospital stay.
She established a laundry so that patients would have clean linens. Based on her observations in the Crimea, Nightingale wrote Notes on Matters Affecting the Health, Efficiency and Hospital Administration of the British Army , an page report analyzing her experience and proposing reforms for other military hospitals operating under poor conditions. Nightingale remained at Scutari for a year and a half. She left in the summer of , once the Crimean conflict was resolved, and returned to her childhood home at Lea Hurst.
With the support of Queen Victoria, Nightingale helped create a Royal Commission into the health of the army. It employed leading statisticians of the day, William Farr and John Sutherland, to analyze army mortality data, and what they found was horrifying: 16, of the 18, deaths were from preventable diseases—not battle. She became the first female member of the Royal Statistical Society and was named an honorary member of the American Statistical Association. Nightingale decided to use the money to further her cause. In , she funded the establishment of St. Nightingale became a figure of public admiration. Young women aspired to be like her. Eager to follow her example, even women from the wealthy upper classes started enrolling at the training school.
Thanks to Nightingale, nursing was no longer frowned upon by the upper classes; it had, in fact, come to be viewed as an honorable vocation. By the time she was 38 years old, she was homebound and bedridden, and would be so for the remainder of her life. Residing in Mayfair, she remained an authority and advocate of health care reform, interviewing politicians and welcoming distinguished visitors from her bed. In , she published Notes on Hospitals , which focused on how to properly run civilian hospitals.
Throughout the U. Civil War , she was frequently consulted about how to best manage field hospitals. Nightingale also served as an authority on public sanitation issues in India for both the military and civilians, although she had never been to India herself. In , at the age of 88, she was conferred the merit of honor by King Edward. In May of , she received a congratulatory message from King George on her 90th birthday. As such, numerous crucial references have been made on her theory. Several studies have been performed to criticize the theory. For instance, Medeiros et al.
Some authors have referenced the environmental theory in addressing specific medical conditions and diseases. For instance, Awalkhan and Muhammad concluded that the theory is very appropriate for application to patients with surgical conditions, including colostomies. Florence addressed the critical issues regarding the environment in which nursing is practiced.
The theory sets conditions through which health could be lost or restored. On the other hand, dirty and callous environments would have adverse negative effects on patients. First, the theory emphasizes the need for proper ventilation to provide pure air and proper lighting. Third, patients should be clean and be fed with proper food. Each of the concepts is defined in practical and operational ways. It is notable that the author of the theory is consistent, especially due to exemplarity in providing clear definitions of concepts. Moreover, there is evident congruency among the concepts and the theory. The concepts in the theory are defined in unambiguous and explicit ways.
The definitions are detailed and they elucidate both construct and abstract concepts in the theory. The environmental theory is based on the cleanliness of the patient, the hospital or home environment, and the need to consider the social environment of the patient. Clearly, the concepts are easily interrelated Medeiros et al. The patient is the center of care while the hospital or the home environment is a crucial determinant of medical outcomes.
Therefore, hygiene and cleanliness of the patient and the environment together augment the delivery of care while positively influencing the patient outcome. On the other hand, considering the social backgrounds from where the patient comes and incorporating in nurse practice improves the mental status of the patient and therefore enhance care delivery. For instance, the psychological status of the wounded soldiers at the military camp was boosted by involving family members of the patients in the care delivery processes Pirani, ; Adams, ; Lee, The environmental theory is based on several assumptions.
As such, Florence believed that diseases in human beings are caused by a violation of natural laws. Second, the theorist believes that nursing and medicine are two separate fields and should be treated as such. Fourth, it is believed that nursing is a calling. Thus, any person wishing to be a nurse should have an internal conviction. Thus, caregivers should manipulate the environment to enhance the state and recovery of patients. The environmental theory has an elaborate description of the four concepts of the nursing metaparadigm, including concepts of health, the environment, the patient, and nursing. Regarding health, the author asserts that being healthy is beyond the state of absence of disease. A disease, therefore, emerges as a reparative process of nature in the health process.
As such, nature itself has the ability to cause disease and heal Medeiros et al. Regarding the environment, it is discussed under the major concepts of the theory and the four concepts of the nursing metaparadigm owing to the fact that this is an environmental theory Medeiros et al. On the issue of the patient, the author of the theory indicates that the person in ill health is the holistic center of the focus and is the receiver of nursing care.
Moreover, the patient has the ability to retain health if the right environment is set. To achieve healing, therefore, adopting the holistic approach to the patient and allowing nature to act on them are highly recommended. The fourth concept in the nursing metaparadigm, which is described by Florence in her theory, is the nursing practice. As such, nurses are not healers. In addition, nurses should constantly get proper education and acquire appropriate skills.
The environmental theory is free of jargon and uses a simple and clear way. Moreover, it is apparent that the theory has a high degree of internal consistency. However, it could be argued that the consistency of the theory is affected with regard to current and future practice, especially when some factors such as nursing being associated with the female gender become outdated Medeiros et al. More than a century after her death, Florence still influence nursing actions through her environmental theory. The theory could be used through the adoption of holistic, humanistic, and scientific styles in care delivery.
Specifically, the theory could be adopted in nurse practice through practical approaches, especially in adopting holistic approaches. As such, environments could be manipulated. Cleanliness, aeration, ventilation, beddings, and drainage should be emphasized in the nursing environment. Moreover, the sociological and psychological aspects of the patient should be underpinned. Nurse theories are a vital part of the nursing profession and practice. They provide bases and reference of practice while distinguishing nursing from other fields.
One of the most significant theories in nursing is the environmental theory. It is linked to Florence Nightingale who provided guidelines on how to provide care for patients. She emphasized the need to manipulate the environment and allow nature to enhance healing to patients. As such, major concepts of her theory focus on cleaning the physical environment, stabilizing the psychological status of the patient, cleaning the patient, and incorporating social dimensions in care provision.
Although the theory is more than a hundred years old, it is vitally relevant in the current nursing practice, education, and administration. However, it is important to improve on some of the outdated aspects such as associating nursing with a certain gender. Adams, L. The conundrum of caring in nursing. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 9 1 ,
By the time she was 38 years old, she was What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory and bedridden, and would be What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory for the remainder of her life. The god gave her the Concealed Carry Case Study of prophecy ; What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory she What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory his advances, he cursed her so that her What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory warnings What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory go unheeded. That in addition to being What Is Florence Nightingale Nursing Theory calling, nursing is Luma Mufleh Influence an art and a science and is practiced by altering the elements of the environment. Nightingale, Florence; McDonald, Lynn Archived from the original on David Freeman Research Paper February